Powertrain Control for 2009 Mini Cooper
Categories
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Deflector
- Attaching Components
- Body Shell
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Bushings
- Center Console
- Center Pillar & Rocker
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Electrical Connectors
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Lift Gate
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Body
- Exterior Trim - Roof
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Floor & Rails
- Folding Top
- Frame
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Gate & Hardware
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Lift Gate
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Ground Effects
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Jack & Components
- Labels
- Liftgate
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Motor & Components
- Navigation System Components
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Quarter Window
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker Panel
- Roll Bar
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Spare Tire Carrier
- Spoiler
- Steering Wheel
- Stowage Compartment
- Stripe Tape
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tailgate & Midgate
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Windshield Header & Components
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Traction Control
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Automatic Transaxle
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Body Wiring Harness & Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Convertible Top
- Door
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Fuse & Relay
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Information Labels
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mirrors
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Park Lamps
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Quarter Window
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Marker Lamps
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Transaxle Parts
- Turbocharger & Components
- Vacuum System
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension Mounting
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Wheels
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Deflector
- Attaching Components
- Body Shell
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Bushings
- Center Console
- Center Pillar & Rocker
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Electrical Connectors
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Lift Gate
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Body
- Exterior Trim - Roof
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Floor & Rails
- Folding Top
- Frame
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Gate & Hardware
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Lift Gate
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Ground Effects
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Jack & Components
- Labels
- Liftgate
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Motor & Components
- Navigation System Components
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Quarter Window
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker Panel
- Roll Bar
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Spare Tire Carrier
- Spoiler
- Steering Wheel
- Stowage Compartment
- Stripe Tape
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tailgate & Midgate
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Windshield Header & Components
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Traction Control
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Automatic Transaxle
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Body Wiring Harness & Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Convertible Top
- Door
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Fuse & Relay
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Information Labels
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mirrors
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Park Lamps
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Quarter Window
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Marker Lamps
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Transaxle Parts
- Turbocharger & Components
- Vacuum System
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension Mounting
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Wheels
Browse Categories
Select category
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Deflector
- Attaching Components
- Body Shell
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Bushings
- Center Console
- Center Pillar & Rocker
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Electrical Connectors
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Lift Gate
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Body
- Exterior Trim - Roof
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Floor & Rails
- Folding Top
- Frame
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Gate & Hardware
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Lift Gate
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Ground Effects
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Jack & Components
- Labels
- Liftgate
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Motor & Components
- Navigation System Components
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Quarter Window
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker Panel
- Roll Bar
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Spare Tire Carrier
- Spoiler
- Steering Wheel
- Stowage Compartment
- Stripe Tape
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tailgate & Midgate
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Windshield Header & Components
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Traction Control
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Automatic Transaxle
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Body Wiring Harness & Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Convertible Top
- Door
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Fuse & Relay
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Information Labels
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mirrors
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Park Lamps
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Quarter Window
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Marker Lamps
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Transaxle Parts
- Turbocharger & Components
- Vacuum System
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension Mounting
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Wheels
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Deflector
- Attaching Components
- Body Shell
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Bushings
- Center Console
- Center Pillar & Rocker
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Electrical Connectors
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Lift Gate
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Body
- Exterior Trim - Roof
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Floor & Rails
- Folding Top
- Frame
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Gate & Hardware
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Lift Gate
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Ground Effects
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Jack & Components
- Labels
- Liftgate
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Motor & Components
- Navigation System Components
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Quarter Window
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker Panel
- Roll Bar
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Spare Tire Carrier
- Spoiler
- Steering Wheel
- Stowage Compartment
- Stripe Tape
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tailgate & Midgate
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Windshield Header & Components
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Traction Control
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Automatic Transaxle
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Body Wiring Harness & Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Convertible Top
- Door
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Fuse & Relay
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Information Labels
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mirrors
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Park Lamps
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Quarter Window
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Marker Lamps
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Transaxle Parts
- Turbocharger & Components
- Vacuum System
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension Mounting
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Wheels
Powertrain Control for 2009 Mini Cooper
Related Parts
Part # / Description / Price
Price
Map Sensor 
Mini
Mini Description: Mini Cooper. Cooper Clubman. With turbo. Without jcw package.
MSRP $150.11
$120.84
MSRP $150.11
$120.84
Mass Air Flow Sensor Mini
Mini Description: Mini Cooper. Jcw model. Cooper Clubman. With jcw package. With turbo, john Cooper model.